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Preparation of 100 ml Castor Oil Emulsion with Virtual Interactive Simulation
Table of Contents
Practical Significance
Castor oil emulsion is used as a gentle laxative to relieve constipation. It works by stimulating the muscles in the intestines, aiding in bowel movements. Through this experiment, the students will be able to learn about the composition, preparation, evaluation, storage, use, direction, lab requirements or castor oil emulsion.
Relevant Theoretical Background
Castor oil emulsion is prepared by wet gum method, in which a primary emulsion is prepared in the ratio of 4:2:1 (fixed oil: water: gum). Gum acacia is to be used as an emulsifying agent which reduces the interfacial tension between oil and water. Castor oil can be used as an irritant/stimulant laxative. The castor oil in the emulsion works directly on the small intestine to promote bowel movement.
Castor oil emulsion should not be used for longer than directed by your doctor or healthcare professional. This medicine can be habit-forming. Long-term use can lead your body to become dependent on the laxative for regular bowel movements, damage the intestines, malnutrition, and water and salt balance issues.
Requirements
a. Apparatus: 100 ml beaker, 50 ml measuring cylinder, pipette, mortar and pestle, amber coloured glass bottle.
b. Equipment: Calibrated weighing balance.
c. Chemicals: Castor oil, gum acacia.
Formulation Table
Procedure
- a. Calculate quantities of oil, gum acacia, and water for primary emulsion. Follow the wet gum method.
- b. Weigh out gum acacia and transfer it to the mortar.
- c. Measure the quantity of water required for primary emulsion and triturate it with gum to form mucilage.
- d. To this add castor oil in small quantities at a time with thorough trituration after each addition.
- e. Triturate briskly without ceasing until a clicking sound is produced and the product becomes white or nearly white.
- f. At this stage, the emulsion is known as the primary emulsion.
- g. Add remaining water in small quantities at a time with constant triturating to get a homogeneous product.
- h. Transfer the emulsion to a measuring cylinder and add more water to produce the final volume. Stir thoroughly to form a uniform emulsion.
- i. Evaluate formulation as per evaluation parameters and note the observations.
- j. Transfer into a well-closed container, attach a prepared label and submit.
Use of Preparation
As a purgative.
Direction
One tablespoonful to be taken before going to bed.
Special Labelling Instructions
Shake well before use
Storage
Store in an airtight container away from light.
Dose
15 – 30 ml
Result
________ml of Castor oil emulsion is prepared, evaluated and submitted in a _________________container with special instructions as__________________________________________________
Virtual Interactive Simulation
Instructions:
Click “Start,” “Next,” or “End” to navigate between slides.
Follow the sequence order for the best experience.
Allow each animation to complete before moving to the next step.
The actual process may vary slightly from the steps above.
For any suggestions or corrections, please email pankajvalvi@gmail.com.
FAQ’s
Define Emulsions. Enlist the Methods of Preparation of Emulsion.
Definition:
An emulsion is a heterogeneous system in which one immiscible liquid is dispersed in another in the form of small droplets, stabilized by emulsifying agents. The dispersed phase forms droplets within the continuous phase.
Methods of Preparation:
Dry Gum Method (Continental Method)
Wet Gum Method (English Method)
Bottle Method
Forbes Bottle Method
Mechanical Methods (e.g., homogenization, mechanical stirrers)
Ultrasonication
Describe Wet Gum Method
The wet gum method is a traditional technique for preparing emulsions.
Procedure:
Mix the emulsifying agent (e.g., acacia) with water to form a mucilage.
Gradually add oil to the mucilage while stirring continuously using a mortar and pestle.
After the primary emulsion is formed, additional water or other ingredients can be added gradually.
Classify Emulsifying Agents
Emulsifying agents stabilize emulsions by reducing surface tension and preventing coalescence of droplets. They are classified as:
Natural Emulsifying Agents
Vegetable-derived: Acacia, tragacanth, starch
Animal-derived: Gelatin, egg yolk
Synthetic Emulsifying Agents
Cationic: Benzalkonium chloride
Anionic: Sodium lauryl sulfate
Nonionic: Tweens and Spans
Finely Divided Solids
Bentonite, magnesium hydroxide
Auxiliary Emulsifiers
Stearates, cetyl alcohol
Write the Advantages of Emulsions
Improved Bioavailability: Allows better absorption of poorly soluble drugs.
Versatile Routes of Administration: Can be used orally, topically, or parenterally.
Controlled Release: Helps in sustained drug delivery.
Masking Taste: Reduces unpleasant taste of some drugs.
Ease of Application: Beneficial for topical use as lotions or creams.
Enlist the Identification Tests for Emulsions
Dilution Test:
Add water to the emulsion.
Oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions mix with water, whereas water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions do not.
Dye Solubility Test:
Use a water-soluble dye (e.g., methylene blue).
The dye disperses in O/W emulsions but stays in droplets in W/O emulsions.
Conductivity Test:
O/W emulsions conduct electricity due to the water phase.
W/O emulsions do not.
Filter Paper Test:
Place a drop on filter paper.
O/W emulsions spread more easily compared to W/O emulsions.
Fluorescence Test:
Observe under UV light.
Oil exhibits fluorescence, helping differentiate phases.
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